Henry V
This is an alphabetical listing of all the glossary items that appear in this play. We have left in repeated instances, so that is it possible to see how often a particular item appears in a play.
Alphabetical headword definitions for Henry V
abate (v.)lessen, lower, diminish
abridgement (n.)curtailment, cutting off, shortening
absolute (adj.)perfect, complete, incomparable
abuse (n.)flouting, violation, improper use
accent, secondecho, reverberation
accept (adj.)decisive, approved, agreed
accomplish (v.)equip, provide, furnish
accord (n.)harmony, agreement
accord (v.)agree, assent, consent
account, accompt (n.)reckoning, judgement [especially by God]
acquit (v.)pay back, requite, settle the score with
action (n.)movement, demeanour, gesture
Adam (n.)in the Bible, the first human being, in the Garden of Eden, who disobeyed God
addiction (n.)inclination, leaning, bent
address (v.)prepare, make ready, poise to act
admiration (n.)amazement, astonishment, wonder
admiration (n.)amazement, astonishment, wonder
admire (v.)marvel, wonder, be astonished [at]
advance (v.)raise, lift up, upraise
advance (v.)raise, lift up, upraise
advance (v.)raise, lift up, upraise
advantage (n.)right moment, favourable opportunity
advantage (n.)addition, enhancement, exaggeration
advantage (v.)benefit, help, aid
advantageable (adj.)advantageous, profitable, beneficial
adventures, at allwhatever might happen, regardless of the risks
advice (n.)consideration, reflection, deliberation
advise, avise (v.)inform, be aware, apprise
advised, avised (adj.)judicious, wise, prudent
afeard (adj.)afraid, frightened, scared
affection (n.)emotion, feeling
affiance (n.)confidence, trust, faith
affright (v.)frighten, terrify, scare
afore, 'fore (prep.)before, in front of
Agamemnon (n.)[pron: aga'memnon] commander of the Greek forces at Troy, married to Clytemnestra
achieve (v.)finish off, bring to an end, kill
alarm, alarum, 'larm, 'larum (n.)call to arms, call to battle, signal to begin fighting
Albion (n.)poetic name for England or Britain
Alexander (n.)Alexander the Great; Macedonian king in 4th-c BC, known for his extensive empire
Alexander (n.)Alexander the Great; Macedonian king in 4th-c BC, known for his extensive empire
all-watched (adj.)maintaining watchfulness throughout
an if (conj.)if
ancient, aunchient (adj.)former, earlier, past
ancient, aunchient (adj.)long-established, long-standing
ancient, aunchient (n.)ensign, standard-bearer
ancient, aunchient (n.)ensign, standard-bearer
and, an (conj.)as if
and, an (conj.)if, whether
and, an (conj.)if, whether
and, an (conj.)if, whether
and, an (conj.)if, whether
and, an (conj.)if, whether
and, an (conj.)if, whether
Angleterre (n.)England. [Click on this word for a translation of the French in this scene.]
annoy (v.)harm, molest, hurt, injure
anon (adv.)soon, shortly, presently
answer (n.)favourable reply, acceptance
answer (n.)recompense, requital, response
answer (n.)accountability, responsibility, liability, penalty
answer (v.)suffer the consequences [for], be accountable [for]
answer (v.)suffer the consequences [for], be accountable [for]
answer (v.)reflect, mirror, correspond to
antic, antick(e), antique (adj.)ancient, olden, former
antic, antick(e), antique (n.)grotesque figure, grinning jester, buffoon
Antony, MarkRoman leader in 1st-c BC
apace (adv.)quickly, speedily, at a great rate
appear (v.)be plain, become apparent
appertinent (n.)appurtenance, accompaniment
apprehend (v.)seize, arrest, lay hold of
apprehension (n.)powers of comprehension, understanding
approach (n.)advance, attack, offensive
approbation (n.)proving true, putting to the test, support
apt (adj.)fit, ready, prepared
apt (adj.)yielding, compliant, submissive
arbitrament, arbitrement (n.)deciding of a dispute, determination, settlement
argument (n.)subject of conversation, subject-matter, topic
argument (n.)quarrel, dispute, point of contention
argument (n.)proof, evidence, demonstration
argument (n.)cause, reason [for a dispute]
arrant (adj.)downright, absolute, unmitigated
arrant (adj.)downright, absolute, unmitigated
arrant (adj.)downright, absolute, unmitigated
arrant (adj.)downright, absolute, unmitigated
arrant (adj.)downright, absolute, unmitigated
art (n.)practical application, knowledge drawn from experience
Arthur (n.)malapropism for Abraham
article (n.)clause, term, provision
article (n.)clause, term, provision
article (n.)clause, term, provision
aspect (n.)gaze, look
assay (n.)assault, attack, incursion
astonish, 'stonish (v.)fill with wonder, amaze, astound
attaint (n.)sign of weariness, suggestion of fatigue
attend (v.)accompany, follow closely, go with
attend (v.)serve, follow, wait [on/upon]
attend (v.)serve, follow, wait [on/upon]
attest (v.)vouch for, be evidence of, testify to
avaunt (int.)be gone, go away, be off
avouch (v.)declare, assert, affirm
avouch (v.)justify, warrant, defend
avouchment (n.)[affirmation] misuse of ‘avouch’ [sense 1]
awkward (adj.)perverse, inept, wrong-headed
ball (n.)royal golden orb
ball (n.)eyeball; also: cannon-ball
balm (n.)fragrant oil used for anointing, consecrated oil
bar (n.)tribunal, judgement place
Barbason (n.)[pron: 'bahrbason] in Christian tradition, the name of a devil
barley broth (n.)ale [as given to horses]
Bartholomew-tide (n.)In Christian tradition, St Bartholomew's day
base (adj.)dishonourable, low, unworthy
base (adj.)dishonourable, low, unworthy
base (adj.)low-born, lowly, plebeian, of lower rank
base (adj.)low-born, lowly, plebeian, of lower rank
base (adj.)low-born, lowly, plebeian, of lower rank
base (adj.)low-born, lowly, plebeian, of lower rank
base (adj.)poor, wretched, of low quality
base (adj.)poor, wretched, of low quality
basilisk (n.)type of large cannon
basis (n.)base, foot, foundation
bate (v.)[falconry] beat the wings, flutter
bate (v.)abate, modify, lessen
battle (n.)battle array, war formation, ranks of soldiers
battle (n.)battle array, war formation, ranks of soldiers
battle (n.)army, fighting force, battalion
battle (n.)army, fighting force, battalion
bawcock (n.)[fine bird] fine fellow, good chap
bawcock (n.)[fine bird] fine fellow, good chap
bawd (n.)pimp, procurer, pander, go-between
bawd (n.)pimp, procurer, pander, go-between
bawdy-house (n.)brothel
beadle (n.)punisher, chastiser, castigator
bear (v.), past forms bore, bornecarry [a rider], support
bear (v.), past forms bore, bornesustain, carry through, keep going
beard, in histo his face, openly
beast (n.)mere animal
beaver (n.)visor of a helmet, face-guard
become (v.)be fitting, befit, be appropriate to
become (v.)grace, honour, dignify
become (v.)grace, honour, dignify
become (v.)grace, honour, dignify
become (v.)grace, honour, dignify
become (v.)grace, honour, dignify
bedlam (adj.)mad, crazed, frantic
Beelzebub, Belzebub (n.)[pron: bee'elzebub, 'belzebub] in Christian tradition, the Devil; or, a principal devil
before (adv.)[in relation to God] in support, on one's side
before-breach (n.)previous breaking, earlier violation
beget (v.), past form begotgive birth to, father, conceive
beggared (adj.)impoverished, destitute, depleted
belike (adv.)probably, presumably, perhaps, so it seems
bend up (v.)exert, strain, wind up
bending (adj.)bowing, reverential, respectful
bent (n.)direction, turning, inclination
beshrew, 'shrew (v.)curse, devil take, evil befall
besmirch (v.)discolour, sully, stain
bestow (v.)give, provide, grant
bestow (v.)carry, bear, acquit, conduct
bibble-babble (n.)chatter, gabble, empty talk
bid (v.), past form badecommand, order, enjoin, tell
bid (v.), past form badepray, entreat, beg, ask
blind (adj.)heedless, reckless, headstrong
blood (n.)nobility, breeding, gentility, good parentage
bloody (adj.)portending bloodshed; or: blood-red, scarlet
bloody (adj.)bloodthirsty, warlike, ferocious
bloody (adj.)bloodthirsty, warlike, ferocious
bloody (adj.)bloodthirsty, warlike, ferocious
blown (adj.)swollen, inflated with pride
bolt (n.)[short and thick, crossbow] arrow
bolted (adj.)refined, carefully sifted, polished
bonnet (n.)hat, cap
book (v.)record, list, register
boot (n.)booty, plunder, spoils
bootless (adv.)fruitlessly, uselessly, unsuccessfully, in vain
borrowed (adj.)assumed, pretended, feigned
bosom (n.)heart, inner person
bosom (n.)heart, inner person
botch (v.)clumsily patch together, fumble with
bottom (n.)[nautical: keel, hull] ship, vessel
bow (v.)make to bend, cause to bend
brabble (n.)quibbling, nit-picking, noisy disputing
brave (adj.)fine, excellent, splendid, impressive
brave (adj.)fine, excellent, splendid, impressive
brave (adj.)noble, worthy, excellent
brave (adj.)noble, worthy, excellent
brave (adj.)noble, worthy, excellent
bravely (adv.)splendidly, worthily, excellently
bravely (adv.)showily, with great display, with a fine flourish
break (v.)reveal, disclose, impart
breath (n.)utterance, speech, voice
breed out (v.)exhaust through breeding, become degenerate
brief and the long / tedious, thethe long and the short
bring (v.)accompany, conduct, escort
Brittaine, Britaine, Brittayne (n.)Brittany, NW France
Brittaine, Britaine, Brittayne (n.)Brittany, NW France
broach (v.)pierce, impale, spit
broken (adj.)disjointed, fragmentary, disconnected
broken (adj.)arranged for different groups of instruments
brook (v.)allow, permit, bear
brother, sworncompanion-in-arms, devoted friend
brother, sworncompanion-in-arms, devoted friend
brow (n.)eyebrow
bruise (v.)squeeze, crush, put pressure on
Brutus, LuciusLucius Junius Brutus, founder of the Roman republic in 509 BC
bubukle, bubuncle (n.)[malapropism for ‘bubo’ and ‘carbunkle’] inflamed swelling
buffet (v.)fight, struggle, deal blows
bully (n./adj.)[especially as a warm form of address] fine fellow, good friend
bulwark (n.)shelter, safeguard, means of escape
bur, burr (n.)prickly, clinging seedpod
burnet (n.)type of meadow flower
butt (n.)goal, aim, target [as in archery]
buxom (adj.)lively, cheerful, bright
by (adv.)near by, close at hand
by and by (adv.)shortly, soon, before long
Cadwallader (n.)[pron: kad'walader] last of the British kings, 7th-c
capital (adj.)main, chief, principal
captive (v.)capture, take captive
career (n.)[of a horse in a combat] charge, gallop, course
career (n.)gambol, capering, nimble movement
careful (adj.)anxious, concerned, worried
carrion (n.)carcass, wretch, worthless beast
case (n.)set, chest, box
casque, caske (n.)helmet
cast up (v.)vomit, throw up, regurgitate
casted (adj.)cast off, thrown aside, abandoned
cause (n.)affair, business, subject
caveto (int.)[summarizing a piece of advice] beware, take care
celerity (n.)alacrity, rapidity, swiftness
ceremony (n.)symbol of state, external sign of pomp
cipher (n.)figure nought, nonentity, mere nothing
circle (n.)magic circle
civil (adj.)seemly, decent, well-behaved
clap (v.)[of two people's hands] strike together, clasp [to seal a bargain]
Cleitus (n.)[pron: 'kliytus] friend and commander of Alexander, killed by him in a quarrel
clime (n.)land, region, realm
clipper (n.)one who clips coins
close (n.)closing cadence, end of a musical theme
close (v.)join, unite, combine [again]
closet (n.)private chamber, study, own room
cloy (v.)satiate, gorge, satisfy
coals, carrysubmit to insult, show cowardice; also: do degrading work
cock (n.)[of a gun] pistol-hammer, cocking-piece
cockpit (n.)theatre pit, theatrical arena
colour (n.)pretext, pretence
colour (n.)semblance, outward appearance, character
colours (n.)colour-ensigns, standard-bearers
come off (v.)leave the field of combat, disengage
come over (v.)overshadow, overwhelm, exercise influence over
coming-in, comings-in (n.)income, revenue, yield
commend (v.)present, introduce, bring [for favourable acceptance]
commend (v.)convey greetings, present kind regards
commend (v.)convey greetings, present kind regards
commissioner (n.)official acting for the king in his absence
company (n.)companion, associate, comrade
compass (v.)win, obtain, attain
complexion (n.)appearance, look, colouring
compliment, complement (n.)accomplishment, finished quality
compound (v.)put together, construct, compose
compound (v.)come to terms, reach an agreement
compound (v.)come to terms, reach an agreement
compound (v.)agree, settle
con (v.)learn by heart, commit to memory
condition (n.)disposition, temper, mood, character
condition (n.)disposition, temper, mood, character
condition (n.)position, social rank, station
condition (n.)position, social rank, station
condition (n.)state, way of life
condole (v.)grieve with, express sympathy with
confound (v.)destroy, overthrow, ruin
confounded (adj.)destroyed, ruined, wrecked
congree (v.)accord, come together in agreement
congreet (v.)greet one another, exchange greetings
conjecture (n.)supposition, imaginary case
conjunction (n.)union, uniting, joining together
conjuration (n.)entreaty, injunction, solemn appeal
conjure (v.)call up, bring out, produce
conjure (v.)expel evil spirits from, exorcise
conjure up (v.)bring about [as if by magic], cause to appear
conscience (n.)internal reflection, inner voice, inmost thought
consent (n.)agreement, accord, unanimity, compact
consent (n.)agreement, accord, unanimity, compact
consent (n.)agreement, accord, unanimity, compact
consideration (n.)spiritual self-examination, meditation, personal reflection
consign (v.)sign jointly, ratify, subscribe
consign to (v.)agree with, accept, assent to, endorse
constable (n.)chief officer of the royal household [in England and France]
contagious (adj.)pestilential, harmful, noxious
contend (v.)fight, engage in combat, struggle
contending (adj.)struggling, antagonistic, opposed
content (adj.)agreeable, willing, ready
content (v.)please, gratify, delight, satisfy
contrariously (adv.)in opposed ways, following their own inclination
convey (v.)pass off, give out, pretend
convocation (n.)assembly, gathering, parliament
convoy (n.)means of transport, method of conveyance
copy (n.)example, model, pattern
coranto (n.)lively dance with quick running steps
corroborate (adj.)[unclear meaning; perhaps a malapropism] strengthened, fortified
cost (n.)outlay, expense, expenditure
couch down (v.)crouch, cower, lie down
coulter (n.)blade fixed in front of a ploughshare
counterfeit (adj.)pretended, feigned, sham
counterfeit (adj.)pretended, feigned, sham
countermine (n.)excavated passage made by fortress defenders to intercept an enemy mine
course (n.)bout, engagement, encounter
course (n.)course of action, way of proceeding
course (n.)course of action, way of proceeding
course (n.)habit, custom, practise, normal procedure
course (n.)habit, custom, practise, normal procedure
course (n.)habit, custom, practise, normal procedure
courser (n.)swift horse, sprinter, charger
coursing (adj.)[hare-coursing] chasing, pursuing
coward (v.)make cowardly, make fearful
coxcomb (n.)fool's head, fool, simpleton
coxcomb (n.)head
crasing, crazing (n.)grazing, ricochet, rebound
crave (v.)beg, entreat, request
crave (v.)beg, entreat, request
craven (n.)coward
Crécy (n.)battle (1346) in which Edward III defeated the French
crescive (adj.)growing, increasing, developing
Cressid, Cressidafickle daughter of Calchas, a priest of Troy; beloved by Troilus, a Trojan prince, she deserted him for Diomed; character in Troilus and Cressida
Crete (n.)Mediterranean island, known for its dogs
Crispian, Crispin, SaintsEnglish forms of Crispianus and Crispinus: in Christian tradition, martyrs under Roman emperor Diocletian; feast day 25 October
crooked (adj.)rounded, curved
crooked (adj.)false, wrongful, illegal
crown (n.)coin [usually showing a monarch's crown], English value: 5 shilllings
crown (n.)coin [usually showing a monarch's crown], English value: 5 shilllings
crown (n.)coin [usually showing a monarch's crown], English value: 5 shilllings
crown (n.)coin [usually showing a monarch's crown], English value: 5 shilllings
crown (n.)coin [usually showing a monarch's crown], English value: 5 shilllings
crown (n.)coin [usually showing a monarch's crown], English value: 5 shilllings
crushed (adj.)broken-down, subdued, forced out of shape
crystal (n.)(plural) eyes
culled (adj.)chosen, picked, selected
cullion (n.)wretch, rascal, rogue
cunning (n.)skill, ability, expertise
currance (n.)current, torrent, flow
cursitory (adj.)cursory, hurried, superficial
curtain (n.)banner, ensign
curtle-axe (n.)cutlass, cutting sword
cut off (v.)put to death, bring to an untimely end
cutpurse (n.)pickpocket, thief, robber
cutpurse (n.)pickpocket, thief, robber
dalliance (n.)frivolity, idleness, wasteful activity
dare (v.)daze, paralyse with fear, terrify
darnel (n.)weeds, cockle, tares
dauphin, dolphin (n.)title of the eldest son of the King of France [between 1349 and 1830]
dear (adj.)important, major, significant
dear (adj.)dire, grievous, hard
deck (v.)cover, adorn, decorate
deck (v.)cover, adorn, decorate
decoct (v.)warm up, heat up, inflame
defendant (adj.)defensive, protective
defensible (adj.)defendable, capable of providing a defence
define (v.)present, set forth, characterize
defunction (n.)death, decease
degree (n.)rank, station, standing
delicate (adj.)fine in quality, of exquisite nature, dainty
deliver up (v.)surrender, yield, give up totally
demonstrate (v.)manifest, show, display
Denis, Saintin Christian tradition, the first apostle of France, 3rd-c
deny (v.)refuse admittance to, keep out
deracinate (v.)uproot, pluck up, eradicate
desire (v.)invite, welcome, request the presence of
desperate (adj.)despairing, hopeless, without hope
despite (n.)contempt, scorn, disdain
destruction (n.)death, slaughter
diable (n.)devil [Click on this word for a link to a translation of the French in this scene.]
dial (n.)watch, timepiece, pocket sundial
Dieu (n.)God [Click on this word for a link to a translation of the French in this scene.]
diffused (adj.)disorderly, mixed-up, jumbled
digest, disgest (v.)endure, brook, put up with
discipline (n.)military strategy, tactics, training in the art of war
discipline (n.)military strategy, tactics, training in the art of war
discipline (n.)military strategy, tactics, training in the art of war
discipline (n.)military strategy, tactics, training in the art of war
discourse (n.)conversation, talk, chat
discourse (v.)talk, chat, converse
discover (v.)reveal, show, make known
discovery (n.)disclosure, admission, revelation
discuss (v.)disclose, make known, declare
dishonest (adj.)indecent, unchaste, immodest, lewd
dispatch, despatch (n.)sending off, going, departure
dispatch, despatch (v.)send away, send off
dispose (v.)control, direct, govern
dispraise (v.)disparage, belittle, denigrate
disputation (n.)dialogue, discourse, conversation
distemper (n.)intoxication, state of drunkenness
distressful (adj.)earned through great hardship, gained from toil
divers (adj.)different, various, several
dock (n.)variety of weedy herb
doubletman's close-fitting jacket with short skirt
dout (v.)put out, extinguish
downright (adj.)plain, ordinary, straightforward
down-rope (v.)trickle down, seep
dread (adj.)frightening, terrifying, fearful
dread (adj.)revered, deeply honoured, held in awe
dread (adj.)revered, deeply honoured, held in awe
drench (n.)drink, draught
dress (v.)prepare, make ready
dub (v.)invest with the status of, style
dull (v.)stupefy, satisfy to the point of slothfulness
dull (v.)stupefy, satisfy to the point of slothfulness
earn (v.)yearn, mourn, grieve
earn (v.)yearn, mourn, grieve
earnest (n.)pledge, instalment, deposit, payment in advance
earnest (n.)pledge, instalment, deposit, payment in advance
easy (adv.)easily
edged (adj.)sharp, sharpened, cutting
effusion (n.)spilling, shedding
egregious (adj.)shocking, outrageous, flagrant
egregious (adj.)significant, extraordinary, exceptional
eke, eke out (v.)add to, increase, supplement
elder-gun (n.)pop-gun
element (n.)air, sky, heavens
Elysiummythological location of heaven
embassy (n.)message [especially via an ambassador]
embassy (n.)message [especially via an ambassador]
embattle (v.)deploy, draw up, marshal
empery (n.)absolute dominion, sovereignty
enforce (v.)act upon by force
englut (v.)swallow up, gulp down, devour
enlarge (v.)release, set at large, discharge
enlink (v.)connect, chain, join closely [to]
enow (adv.)enough
enow (adv.)enough
enow (adv.)enough
enow (adv.)enough
enround (v.)surround, encircle
enschedule (v.)put in a schedule, write down in a list
entertain (v.)treat, deal with, handle
entertain (v.)accept as true, allow, accommodate
erst (adv.)formerly, once, before
espouse (v.)unite (in marriage), contract
espouse (v.)unite (in marriage), contract
esquire (n.)candidate for knighthood, attendant on a knight
esquire (n.)candidate for knighthood, attendant on a knight
estate (n.)state, situation, circumstances
estimation (n.)esteem, respect, reputation
even (adj.)straightforward, forthright, direct
even (adj.)level, horizontal, flat
even (n.)evening
even (n.)plain truth, straightforward explanation
evenly (adv.)directly, in a straight line
even-pleached (adj.)with branches evenly layered
exampled (adj.)exemplified, illustrated, instantiated
exception (n.)(often plural) objection, dislike, disapproval
exception (n.)(often plural) objection, dislike, disapproval
excursion (n.)sortie, sally, bout of fighting
executor (n.)disposer of remains
executor (n.)executioner
exhale (v.)draw forth [a sword]
exhibiter, exhibitor (n.)proposer, introducer, mover
expectation (n.)anticipation, hopefulness
expedience (n.)speed, haste, dispatch
expedition (n.)haste, speedy action, prompt dispatch
expedition (n.)ready learning, awareness, insight
face (v.)bully, intimidate, turn
face out (v.)brazen out, carry through shamelessly
faculty (n.)function, power, capability
fain (adv.)gladly, willingly
fain (adv.)gladly, willingly
fain (adv.)gladly, willingly
fain (adv.)gladly, willingly
faint (adj.)weak, fatigued, lacking in strength
fall (n.)mistake, fault, lapse
fallow (adj.)unsown, uncultivated
fallow (n.)area of arable land, ploughed field
false (adj.)defective, weak, inadequate
fancy (n.)imagination, creativity, inventiveness
fantastically (adv.)fancifully, grotesquely, bizarrely
farced (adj.)spiced up, stuffed with flattery
fare ... well (int.)goodbye [to an individual]
fare ... well (int.)goodbye [to an individual]
fare ... well (int.)goodbye [to an individual]
fare ... well (int.)goodbye [to an individual]
fare ... well (int.)goodbye [to an individual]
fashion (n.)conventional behaviour, conformity, customary use
fatal (adj.)death-dealing, death-boding
fault (n.)failing, weakness
fault (n.)sin, offence, crime
fault (n.)sin, offence, crime
favour (n.)[facial] appearance, countenance, features, looks
favour (n.)token worn as a mark of identity or friendship
feared (adj.)infused with fear, full of fear, frightened
feat (n.)[wicked] deed, action, crime
feel (v.)test, discover, sound out
fell (adj.)cruel, fierce, savage
fell (adj.)cruel, fierce, savage
ferret (v.)worry [like a ferret], hunt after
fester (v.)corrupt, putrify, rot
fet (v.)derive, draw
fetch (v.)derive, stem
few, in (a)in few words, in short, in brief
field (n.)field of battle, battleground, field of combat
field (n.)field of battle, battleground, field of combat
field (n.)field of battle, battleground, field of combat
field (n.)field of battle, battleground, field of combat
field (n.)field of battle, battleground, field of combat
field (n.)field of battle, battleground, field of combat
field (n.)field of battle, battleground, field of combat
field (n.)field of battle, battleground, field of combat
field (n.)field of battle, battleground, field of combat
field (n.)field of battle, battleground, field of combat
field (n.)field of battle, battleground, field of combat
field (n.)field of battle, battleground, field of combat
field (n.)field of battle, battleground, field of combat
field (n.)field of battle, battleground, field of combat
figo (n.)word used along with a rude gesture [of the thumb between the first two fingers of a fist]
figo (n.)word used along with a rude gesture [of the thumb between the first two fingers of a fist]
figure (n.)parallel, comparison, analogy
figure (n.)parallel, comparison, analogy
find (v.)furnish, provide, supply
find (v.)find out, see through
fine (v.)pledge, stake, wager
firk (v.)beat, trounce, whip
flat (adj.)feeble, dull, deficient
flesh (v.)[of a sword] use for the first time in battle
fleshed (adj.)well used to bloodshed, hardened
fleur-de-lis, flower-de-luce (n.)heraldic lily [royal symbol of France]
flexure (n.)bending [the knee or head], bowing
foil (n.)sword, rapier
foot (v.)gain a foothold, land
forage (v.)eat greedily, glut oneself [on]
force (v.)make happen, compel, bring about
'fore (prep.)before
forehand, fore-hand (n.)upper hand, superiority, advantage
fore-rank (n.)first section
forespent (adj.)previously shown, earlier displayed
form (n.)physical expression, outward behaviour
form (n.)image, likeness, shape
forswear (v), past forms forsworn, forsworeswear falsely, perjure [oneself], break one's word
Fortune (n.)Roman goddess, shown as a woman at a spinning-wheel, or controlling a rudder, and as blind
Fortune (n.)Roman goddess, shown as a woman at a spinning-wheel, or controlling a rudder, and as blind
foul (adj.)[of a pistol-barrel after firing] dirty, clogged
fox (n.)type of sword [perhaps with a fox-like engraving on it]
fracted (adj.)broken
frame (v.)fashion, make, form, create
fret (v.)struggle, chafe, move in turmoil
friend (v.)befriend, sustain, assist
fright (v.), past form frightedfrighten, scare, terrify
full-fraught (adj.)filled to the brim, jam-packed
fumitory (n.)variety of weed
furious (adj.)cruel, malevolent
furnish (v.)provide, supply, possess
gage (n.)pledge, challenge [usually, a glove or gauntlet thrown down]
gage (n.)pledge, challenge [usually, a glove or gauntlet thrown down]
gait (n.)manner of walking, bearing, movement
gall (n.)bitterness, spitefulness, vindictiveness
gall (v.)injure, harm, wound
gall (v.)scoff, jeer, mock
galled (adj.)fretted, chafed, battered
Gallia (n.)old name for France [Gaul]
Gallia (n.)old name for France [Gaul]
galliard (n.)type of lively, high-spirited dance
garb (n.)manner, style, fashion
gentle (adj.)well-born, honourable, noble
gentle (adj.)well-born, honourable, noble
gentle (adj.)well-born, honourable, noble
gentle (adj.)well-born, honourable, noble
gentle (adj.)well-born, honourable, noble
gentle (adj.)courteous, friendly, kind
gentle (adj.)peaceful, calm, free from violence
gentle (adj.)peaceful, calm, free from violence
gentle (adj.)soft, tender, kind
gentle (adj.)soft, tender, kind
gentle (adj.)soft, tender, kind
gentle (n.)(plural) ladies and gentlemen, gentlefolk
gentle (n.)(plural) ladies and gentlemen, gentlefolk
gentle (v.)elevate, ennoble, dignify
gentleman of a companynon-ranking volunteer with a status higher than that of a private
George, Saintin Christian tradition, the patron saint of England, 3rd-c
George, Saintin Christian tradition, the patron saint of England, 3rd-c
gesture (n.)demeanour, attitude, manner
giddy (adj.)frivolous, flighty, fickle, irresponsible
giddy (adj.)frivolous, flighty, fickle, irresponsible
giddy (adj.)frivolous, flighty, fickle, irresponsible
gilt (n.)gold, money
gilt (n.)gold-gilded state, gold-coated effects
gimmaled (adj.)jointed, hinged, linked
gipe (n.)jibe, scoff, jest
gird (v.)encircle, surround, ring
girded (adj.)besieged, blockaded, encircled
glass (n.)mirror, looking-glass
gleaned (adj.)stripped, depleted, emptied
gleek (v.)make a pointed joke, jest, gibe
glistering (adj.)glittering, shining, sparkling
gloze (v.)gloss, interpret
God-a-mercyexclamation of thanks, applause, surprise, etc [God have mercy]
Gordian knotapparently unsolvable problem, extreme difficulty
grace (n.)honour, favour, recognition, respect
grace (n.)virtue, fine quality
grace (v.)favour, add merit to, do honour to
grafter (n.)tree from which a graft has been taken
grant (n.)granting of titles, conveyance of land
great-belly (adj.)with lower part padded
greatly (adv.)nobly, honourably
green (adj.)fresh, recent, new
green (adj.)youthful, inexperienced, immature
greenly (adv.)like an inexperienced youth, timidly, sheepishly
groat (n.)fourpenny piece
gross (adj.)dull, obtuse, ignorant
gross (adj.)coarse, vulgar, unrefined
gross (adj.)plain, striking, evident, obvious
gross (adj.)bad, inferior, poor
grossly (adv.)openly, blatantly, brazenly
guidon (n.)pennant, flag
gulf (n.)whirlpool
gulf (n.)whirlpool
gull (n.)dupe, fool, simpleton
gull (v.)deceive, dupe, trick
gum (n.)sticky secretion, mucus
gun-stone (n.)cannon-ball, bullet, projectile
habit (n.)dress, clothing, costume
haggle (v.)mangle, hack, lacerate
hair (n.)[product stuffed with hair] tennis-ball
halfpence (n.)silver coin worth half of one penny
Hampton (n.)Southampton; port city in Hampshire
Hampton (n.)Southampton; port city in Hampshire
handkercher (n.)handkerchief
haply (adv.)perhaps, maybe, by chance, with luck
haply (adv.)perhaps, maybe, by chance, with luck
hard-favoured (adj.)ugly, unattractive, unsightly, hideous
hardiness (n.)boldness, daring, audacity, courage
Harfleur (n.)[pron: 'ahrfler] town in Normandy, N France; besieged by Henry V in 1415
haunt (v.)pursue, afflict, beset
hazard (n.)risk, peril, danger
hazard (n.)[royal tennis] opening in a court where a ball is unplayable [and thus a winning point is scored]
hazard, come / go toplay dice, gamble
head (n.)fighting force, army, body of troops
heady (adj.)violent, weighty, raging
heady (adj.)violent, weighty, raging
heavy (adj.)pressing, weighty, overpowering
heavy (adj.)grave, serious, weighty
heed (n.)consideration, care, attention
heir general (n.)heir from either male or female lines
helm (n.)helmet
hemlock (n.)variety of poisonous plant
Hermes (n.)[pron: 'hermeez] messenger of the Greek gods, often shown wearing winged shoes; inventor of lyre and flute
Herod (n.)in the Bible, a Judean king, portrayed in medieval mystery plays as a wild and angry figure
heroical (adj.)heroic
hie (v.)hasten, hurry, speed
hie (v.)hasten, hurry, speed
hilding (adj.)good-for-nothing, worthless
honour-owing (adj.)honour-owning, honourable
hooded (adj.)[falconry] concealed, masked
horrid (adj.)horrifying, frightful, terrifying
horrid (adj.)horrifying, frightful, terrifying
hose (n.)[pair of] breeches
host (n.)army, armed multitude
host (n.)army, armed multitude
host (n.)army, armed multitude
host (n.)army, armed multitude
host (n.)army, armed multitude
hot (adj.)hot-tempered, angry, passionate
hot (adj.)hot-tempered, angry, passionate
hot (adj.)active, vigorous
house (n.)household, family
housewife, huswife (n.)[pron: 'huzif] hussy, wanton, minx
housewifery (n.)housekeeping, household management
howbeit (conj.)although, though
humorous (adj.)capricious, moody, temperamental
humour (n.)fancy, whim, inclination, caprice
humour (n.)fancy, whim, inclination, caprice
humour (n.)secretion, fluid, juice
humour (n.)style, method, way, fashion
humour (n.)style, method, way, fashion
humour (n.)style, method, way, fashion
husbandry (n.)thrift, good economy, careful management
Hydra (n.)[pron: 'hiydra] many-headed monster, the child of Typhon and Echnida; as each head was cut off, it grew again
Hydra-headed (adj.)many-headed, multifarious, manifold
Hyperion (n.)[pron: hiy'peerion] Greek god, son of Uranus and Gaia, who fathered the Sun, Moon, and Dawn; often, the Sun itself, with a horse-drawn chariot
challenger (n.)claimant
chamber (n.)piece of ordnance, cannon, gun
chamber (n.)piece of ordnance, cannon, gun
change (n.)exchange, replacement [for]
change (v.)change countenance, turn pale
chantry (n.)small private chapel
charge (n.)company, command
charge (n.)commission, responsibility, official duty
charge (v.)overload, overburden, weigh down
charged (adj.)burdened, laden, oppressed
charitably (adv.)in all Christian charity
Charlemain (n.)[pron: 'shahluhmayn] Charlemagne, king of the Franks in 768–814; great patron of learning
chartered (adj.)licensed, privileged, permitted
chase (n.)[tennis] forfeited point; also: pursuit
chawed (adj.)chewed
cheerly (adv.)cheerfully, brightly, animatedly
Cheshu (n.)Welsh pronunciation of 'Jesu'
cheval (n.)horse [Click on this word for a link to a translation of the French in this scene.]
cheval (n.)horse [Click on this word for a link to a translation of the French in this scene.]
chew (v.)plan, devise, conceive
chide (v.), past form chidscold, rebuke, reprove
chide (v.), past form chidscold, rebuke, reprove
chide (v.), past form chidscold, rebuke, reprove
chivalry (n.)knights, men-at-arms
choice-drawn (adj.)specially selected, chosen with great care
choler (n.)anger, rage, wrath
choler (n.)anger, rage, wrath
chorus (n.)character in a play who speaks the prologue and comments on the course of events
Chrish (n.)Irish pronunciation of 'Christ'
christom (adj.)[malapropism for ‘christened’ or ‘chrism’] in a christening robe, innocent
chuck (n.)chicken, chick [usually as a term of endearment]
churlish (adj.)violent, rough, harsh
Iceland (n.)country known at the time for its long-haired dogs
ill (adj.)bad, adverse, unfavourable
ill (adj.)bad, adverse, unfavourable
ill (adj.)bad, adverse, unfavourable
ill (adv.)badly, adversely, unfavourably
ill (adv.)badly, adversely, unfavourably
ill (adv.)badly, adversely, unfavourably
ill (n.)wrong, injury, harm, evil
ill-disposed (adj.)badly arranged, poorly presented
ill-favouredly (adv.)badly, unpleasingly, offensively
imaginary (adj.)imaginative, creative, of the imagination
imagined (adj.)of imagination, conceived in the mind
imbar, imbare (v.)[unclear meaning] bar, exclude; reveal, demonstrate
imp (n.)child, scion, son
impawn (v.)pledge as security, put in pawn, commit
impeachment (n.)impediment, hindrance, obstacle
impious (adj.)lacking reverence towards God, wicked, irreligious
in terram...no woman shall succeed in Salic land
incite (v.)urge, prompt, summon
inconvenience (n.)harm, troublesome disadvantage
incorporate (adj.)united in one body, combined in one entity
indifferent (adj.)impartial, unbiased, neutral
indifferent (adv.)moderately, tolerably, reasonably
indirectly (adv.)wrongfully, unjustly, illegitimately
indued, endued (adj.)endowed, supplied [with appropriate qualities]
ingrateful (adj.)ungrateful, unappreciative
inheritrix (n.)female inheritor, heiress
injury (n.)sore, abscess, boil
inly (adv.)inwardly, deep within
instance (n.)reason, motive, cause
insteeped (adj.)steeped, immersed, soaked
intelligence (n.)spying, espionage, secretly obtained information
intendment (n.)intent, intention, purpose
intent (n.)intention, purpose, aim
intertissued (adj.)interwoven
invention (n.)inventiveness, imagination, creative faculty
invest (v.)envelop, permeate, infuse
irreconciled (adj.)unabsolved, not reconciled with God
issue (n.)outcome, result, consequence(s)
issue (n.)child(ren), offspring, family, descendant
jackanapes, jackanape, jack'nape (n.)upstart, buffoon, monkey
Jack-sauce (n.)saucy knave, impudent fellow
jade (n.)worn-out horse, hack, worthless nag
jade (n.)worn-out horse, hack, worthless nag
jade (n.)worn-out horse, hack, worthless nag
jade (n.)worn-out horse, hack, worthless nag
jealous (adj.)anxious, uneasy, worried [about]
jealousy (n.)suspicion, mistrust, apprehension
Jove (n.)[pron: johv] alternative name for Jupiter, the Roman supreme god
Jove (n.)[pron: johv] alternative name for Jupiter, the Roman supreme god
just (adj.)accurate, exact, precise
jutty (v.)jut out over, project over
kecksie (n.)variety of hollow-stalked plant
keep (v.)keep up, maintain, carry on
keep (v.)stay on, remain on
kern (n.)lightly armed Irish foot-soldier
kind (adj.)showing natural feeling, acting by nature
kite (n.)bird of prey; thieving bird [of ill omen; also, strong term of abuse]
knave (n.)scoundrel, rascal, rogue
knave (n.)scoundrel, rascal, rogue
knave (n.)scoundrel, rascal, rogue
knave (n.)scoundrel, rascal, rogue
knock (n.)hard blow, harsh stroke, buffet
knowledge (n.)familiar territory, world of acquaintance
la (int.)indeed
la (int.)indeed
la (int.)indeed
lackey (n.)footman, minion, flunky
lackey (n.)footman, minion, flunky
lackey (n.)hanger-on, camp follower
lackey (n.)hanger-on, camp follower
lank-lean (adj.)gaunt, haggard, wasted
lard (v.)enrich [with blood], saturate
large, atat length, in full, thoroughly
largess (n.)free gift, generous present
late (adj.)recently appointed
late (adj.)recently appointed
latest (adj.)last, final
latter daylast day, day of judgement
lavolt, lavolta (n.)lively, high-leaping dance
lay (v.)wager, stake, bet
lay down (v.)formulate, work out, estimate
lay on / upon (v.)set to, set about, undertake vigorously
layer-up (n.)preserver, storer, upholder
lazar (adj.)leprous
lazar (n.)leper, diseased person
lea (n.)meadow, field
legerity (n.)lightness, nimbleness, alacrity
lenity (n.)mildness, gentleness, mercifulness
lenity (n.)mildness, gentleness, mercifulness
let (n.)hindrance, obstacle, snag
leviathan (n.)sea-monster, whale
libertine (n.)free spirit, unconfined wanderer
lief, had asshould like just as much
liege (n.)lord, sovereign
liege (n.)lord, sovereign
liege (n.)lord, sovereign
liege (n.)lord, sovereign
liege (n.)lord, sovereign
liege (n.)lord, sovereign
liege (n.)lord, sovereign
light (adj.)minor, slight, of little value
lightly (adv.)readily, easily
like (adj.)same, similar, alike, equal
like (adj.)same, similar, alike, equal
like (adj.)same, similar, alike, equal
like (adv.)likely, probable / probably
like (v.)please, suit
like to / unto (conj./prep.)similar to, comparable with
like to / unto (conj./prep.)similar to, comparable with
like to / unto (conj./prep.)similar to, comparable with
like to / unto (conj./prep.)similar to, comparable with
line (n.)line of descent, lineage, pedigree
line (v.)strengthen, support, fortify
lineal (adj.)lineally descended, in the direct line, hereditary
linstock (n.)stick holding a lit match for firing a cannon
list (n.)boundary, limit, confines
list (v.)listen to, pay attention to
lob down (v.)hang, droop, sag
long (v.)belong, pertain, relate
Louvre (n.)[pron: 'loovr] palace of the French Kings, Paris
Lucifer (n.)in the Bible, the name of a principal devil; or, the Devil
lucky (adj.)fortunate, successful, prosperous
lusty (adj.)vigorous, strong, robust, eager
luxurious (adj.)lustful, lecherous, lascivious
luxury (n.)lust, lechery, lasciviousness
madam (n.)high-ranking lady
magnanimous (adj.)valiant, heroic, courageous
malady of Francevenereal disease
march (n.)border region, frontier
mark (v.)note, pay attention [to], take notice [of]
mark (v.)note, pay attention [to], take notice [of]
mark (v.)note, pay attention [to], take notice [of]
mark (v.)note, pay attention [to], take notice [of]
marry (int.)[exclamation] by Mary
marry (int.)[exclamation] by Mary
marry (int.)[exclamation] by Mary
marry (int.)[exclamation] by Mary
Mars (n.)Roman god of war
Mars (n.)Roman god of war
marvellous (adv.)very, extremely, exceedingly
maw (n.)belly, stomach; throat, gullet
mead (n.)meadow
mead (n.)meadow
mean (adj.)of low rank, inferior in position, less important
mean (adj.)of low rank, inferior in position, less important
meaning (n.)design, intention, purpose
measure (n.)slow stately dance, graceful movement
measure (n.)extent, size, amount, quantity, mass
measure (n.)metre, poetic skill
meet (adj.)fit, suitable, right, proper
meet (adj.)fit, suitable, right, proper
meet (adj.)fit, suitable, right, proper
meet (adj.)fit, suitable, right, proper
mechanic (adj.)worker, labouring
member (n.)sharer, participant, partaker
mervailous (adj.)marvellous, amazing, remarkable
methinks(t), methought(s) (v.)it seems / seemed to me
methinks(t), methought(s) (v.)it seems / seemed to me
methinks(t), methought(s) (v.)it seems / seemed to me
methinks(t), methought(s) (v.)it seems / seemed to me
mettle, mettell (n.)spirit, vigour, zest
mickle (adj.)great, much, large
mind (v.)think of, call to mind
mind (v.)put in mind, remind
mind (v.)put in mind, remind
mine (n.)excavated passage under a fortress wall
mirror (n.)supreme example, paragon, model of excellence
misbecome (v.)appear unbecoming to, be unseemly to
miscarry (v.)come to harm, perish, meet death
miscreate (adj.)wrongly created, illegitimate
mistake (v.)misunderstand, take wrongly, misconceive
mistful (adj.)misty, tearful
mock (n.)act of mockery, mocking remark, derisive action, scornful irony
mock (n.)act of mockery, mocking remark, derisive action, scornful irony
mock (n.)act of mockery, mocking remark, derisive action, scornful irony
mock (n.)act of mockery, mocking remark, derisive action, scornful irony
model (n.)microcosm, miniature, tiny replica
moiety (n.)half, equal share
monster (n.)marvel, monstrosity, prodigy
mope (v.)act aimlessly, be in a daze, wander about
moral (n.)hidden meaning, import, significance
moral (n.)symbolic figure, allegory
morn (n.)morning, dawn
morrow (n.)morning
morrow (n.)morning
morrow (n.)morning
mortality (n.)mortal nature, human life
mortified (adj.)dying to sin, put under subjection
mote (n.)speck of dust, tiny particle, trifle
mother (n.)womanish qualities
mould (n.)soil, earth, clay
mount (v.)ascend, rise up, climb
mountain (adj.)pre-eminent, larger than life
mountain-squire (n.)squire of barren land
moy (n.)[misunderstanding of French ‘moi’] type of coin; measure of goods
Muse (n.)one of the nine goddesses in Greek mythology, the daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne, who gave artistic inspiration; also called the Helicons, as they lived on Mt Helicon
natural (adj.)feeling proper affection, having normal feelings
neglected (adj.)underrated, underestimated, undervalued
neighbourhood (n.)neighbourly conduct, neighbourliness
neighbourhood (n.)neighbourly conduct, neighbourliness
new-store (v.)freshly populate, supply with new children
new-tuned (adj.)freshly coined, fashionable
nice (adj.)fastidious, particular, fussy, overscrupulous
nice (adj.)fastidious, particular, fussy, overscrupulous
nicely (adv.)subtly, triflingly, fancifully
nicely (adv.)scrupulously, punctiliously, meticulously, fastidiously
niggardly (adj.)mean-minded, tight-fisted, miserly
noble (n.)English gold coin, worth one third of a pound
Non nobisNot to us [opening words of Psalm 115, 'Give praise not to us, O God']
nook-shotten (adj.)crookedly shaped, corner-ridden
note (n.)sign, mark, token
notice (n.)information, intelligence, notification
observingly (adv.)observantly, perceptively, with proper observation
occasion (n.)circumstance, opportunity
of (prep.)against
offer (v.)attempt, start, try, make a move
office (n.)role, position, place, function
office (n.)role, position, place, function
office (n.)role, position, place, function
office (n.)performance, business, intrigue
office (n.)task, service, duty, responsibility
office (n.)task, service, duty, responsibility
oft (adv.)often
oft (adv.)often
oft (adv.)often
open (adj.)public, widely frequented, fashionable
order (n.)arrangement, disposition, direction
ordinance (n.)usage, practice, course
ordnance, ordinance (n.)cannon, artillery
ordnance, ordinance (n.)cannon, artillery
ordure (n.)filth, dirt, dung
orison (n.)prayer, plea
ostent (n.)display, show, manifestation
outwear (v.)use up, waste the time of
overbear (v.)overwhelm, overcome, overpower
overblow (v.)blow away, blow off
overglance (v.)glance over, cast the eye over
overlook (v.)rise above, look down on
overlook (v.)look over, peruse, read through
overlusty, over-lusty (adj.)over-cheerful, excessively merry
overshoot (v.)[miss a target by shooting too high] go astray in aim, wide of the mark
overswell , over-swell (v.)flood, inundate, overflow
paction (n.)compact, agreement, treaty
painful (adj.)arduous, gruelling, taxing
pale (adj.)wan, fearful, pale-hearted
pale (adj.)wan, fearful, pale-hearted
pale in (v.)fence in, hem in, enclose
palfrey (n.)horse for everyday riding
paly (adj.)pale, faint
pander, pandar (n.)pimp, procurer, go-between
pardonnez (v.)pardon [Click on this word for a link to a translation of the French in this scene.]
parle, parley (n.)negotiation, meeting [between enemies under a truce, to discuss terms]
parle, parley (n.)negotiation, meeting [between enemies under a truce, to discuss terms]
part (n.)side, camp, party
particular (adj.)personal, special, private
particular (adj.)personal, special, private
particularity (n.)personal matter, individual issue
pass (n.)passage, crossing, thoroughfare
pass (v.)use, show, employ
passage (n.)combat, contest, fight [= passage of arms]
passage (n.)passing on, extending, line of descent
passing (adv.)very, exceedingly, extremely
passion (n.)powerful feeling, overpowering emotion [often opposed to ‘reason’]
passion (n.)fit of anger, feeling of rage
pastern (n.)hoof, leg
pasture (n.)nurture, rearing, upbringing
pate (n.)head, skull
pate (n.)head, skull
pate (n.)head, skull
pate (n.)head, skull
pavilioned (adj.)in ceremonial tents
pax (n.)tablet bearing an image of the Crucifixion, used as a symbol of peace within the Mass
pay (v.)punish, pay back, retaliate against
peer (v.)appear, come into sight
peevish (adj.)silly, foolish; or: headstrong, impulsive
pennon (n.)streamer, banner, flag
pense (v.)think [Click on this word for a link to the translation of the French in this scene.]
Pepin, Pippen (n.)king of the Franks in 8th-c
peradventure (adv.)perhaps, maybe, very likely
peradventure (adv.)perhaps, maybe, very likely
peradventure (adv.)perhaps, maybe, very likely
perdie, perdy (int.)[French 'par Dieu'] by God
perdition (n.)ruin, destruction, devastation
perdurable (adj.)everlasting, long-lasting, enduring
peremptory (adj.)determined, resolved, absolutely decided
perforce (adv.)of necessity, with no choice in the matter
perforce (adv.)of necessity, with no choice in the matter
perpend (v.)consider, ponder, reflect
Perseus (n)son of Zeus and Danae; advised by Athene to look at the reflection in his shield when cutting off Medusa's head, thereby avoiding being turned to stone; associated with the winged horse released by her death
perspectively (adv.)as if through an optical instrument
Pharamond (n.)[pron: 'faramond] legendary king of the Salian Franks
Phoebus (n.)[pron: 'feebus] Latin name for Apollo as the sun-god; also called Phoebus Apollo
Phoebus (n.)[pron: 'feebus] Latin name for Apollo as the sun-god; also called Phoebus Apollo
pike, pick (n.)weapon with a long handle ending in a spearhead
pike, pick (n.)weapon with a long handle ending in a spearhead
pioneer, pioner (n.)miner, digger, excavator
pith (n.)strength, toughness, mettle
pitch and paypay as you go, no credit
place (n.)position, post, office, rank
place (n.)position, post, office, rank
place (v.)arrange, dispose, express
plainsong (n.)plain truth, bottom line
plainsong (n.)plain truth, bottom line
play (v.)play for, make bets about
pleasant (adj.)facetious, joking, droll
pleasant (adj.)facetious, joking, droll
policy (n.)stratagem, cunning, intrigue, craft
policy (n.)statecraft, statesmanship, diplomacy
policy (n.)statecraft, statesmanship, diplomacy
popular (adj.)plebeian, of the common people
popularity (n.)populace, common people, the masses
poring (adj.)through which one needs to peer, eye-straining
port (n.)bearing, demeanour, carriage
portage (n.)portholes, openings
possess (v.)fill, imbue
powdering-tub (n.)sweating-tub for the treatment of venereal disease
power (n.)exercise of power, authoritative action
power (n.)armed force, troops, host, army
power (n.)armed force, troops, host, army
power (n.)armed force, troops, host, army
power (n.)armed force, troops, host, army
power (n.)armed force, troops, host, army
power (n.)force, strength, might
pox (n.)venereal disease; also: plague, or any other disease displaying skin pustules
practic (adj.)practical, pragmatic, down-to-earth
practice (n.)scheme, plot, stratagem, intrigue
practise on / upon (v.)plot against
praeclarissimus...Our most renowned son Henry, King of England and heir of France
prater (n.)chatterer, idle talker
prating (adj.)prattling, chattering, blathering
preposterously (adv.)out of the normal course of events, unnaturally, perversely
prerogative (n.)principle, right, code
prescript (adj.)prescribed, appropriate, laid down
presence (n.)attendance, state of being present
presently (adv.)immediately, instantly, at once
presently (adv.)immediately, instantly, at once
presently (adv.)immediately, instantly, at once
pretty (adj.)clever, ingenious, artful
pretty (adj.)good, excellent, fine
prey, inin pursuit of prey
private (n.)ordinary person, someone not holding high position
prived (adj.)bereaved, deprived of loved ones
projection (n.)scheme, plan, design
proportion (n.)natural order, proper relationship
proportion (n.)natural order, proper relationship
proportion (n.)weighing up, appropriate measuring
proportion (n.)(plural) military material, forces and supplies needed for war
proportion (n.)(plural) military material, forces and supplies needed for war
proud (adj.)high-spirited, high-mettled
proud (adj.)taking pride in, elated by the thought of
pudding (n.)type of large savoury dish; dumpling, pasty
puissance (n.)power, might, force
puissance (n.)power, might, force
puissance (n.)power, might, force
puissant (adj.)powerful, mighty, strong
puissant (adj.)powerful, mighty, strong
purge (v.)cleanse, purify, get rid of impurities [in]
purged (adj.)purified, refined, clarified
purchase (n.)proceeds, plunder, booty
purpose (n.)outcome, result, end
purpose (n.)intention, aim, plan
purpose (n.)intention, aim, plan
purpose (n.)intention, aim, plan
purpose (n.)intention, aim, plan
purpose (n.)point at issue, matter in hand
purpose (v.)intend, plan
quality (n.)profession, occupation, business
quality (n.)rank, standing, position
question (n.)debating, discussion, investigation
question (n.)debating, discussion, investigation
qui (pron.)who [Click on this word for a link to a translation of the French in this scene.]
quick (adj.)living, vital, full of life
quick (adj.)lively, animated, vivacious
quicken (v.)revive, rejuvenate, give life [to]
quit (adj.)away from, out of
quit (v.)rid, free, relieve
quit (v.)acquit, absolve, clear
quit (v.)answer, respond to, requite
quittance (n.)due recompense, repayment, requital
quondam (adj.)former, erstwhile, previous
quoth (v.)said
quotidian (n.)type of fever with attacks every day
ragged (adj.)broken, jagged, fragmented
rail (v.)rant, rave, be abusive [about]
rank (adj.)growing in abundance, excessively luxuriant [often unattractively]
rank (adj.)growing in abundance, excessively luxuriant [often unattractively]
rapier (n.)light sharp-pointed sword used for thrusting
rawly (adv.)immaturely, so young
reach (v.), past form raughtgive, hold out
reason (n.)reasonable view, sensible judgement, right opinion
reason (v.)talk, speak, converse
rebuke (v.)repress, put down, check
reckoning (n.)counting up, enumeration, calculation
redoubted (adj.)feared, dreaded, revered
reduce (v.)restore, bring back, lead back
reek (v.)steam, smoke, give off vapour
regard (n.)respect, repute, esteem
relapse (n.)[unclear meaning] falling back, return; rebound
relish (n.)kind, quality, type
remember (v.)remind, bring to someone's mind
remembrance (n.)memory, bringing to mind, recollection
remembrance (n.)memory, bringing to mind, recollection
render (v.)declare, state, give an account
rendezvous (n.)refuge, retreat, haven
rendezvous (n.)last resort, final shift
renown (v.)bring renown to, make famous
require (v.)call up, make available
requiring (n.)demanding, requesting as a right
requite (v.), past forms requit, requitedreward, repay, recompense
resolve (v.)satisfy, free from doubt
resolve (v.)decide, make up one's mind
resolved (adj.)determined, settled, decided
rest (n.)final stake, last resolve
retire (n.)retreat, withdrawal
retirement (n.)withdrawal, returning [to one's rooms]
retort (v.)repay, pay back, recompense
return (v.)answer, report, say in reply [to]
rheum (n.)spit, spittle, saliva
rheumatic (adj.)malapropism for ‘choleric’ or ‘lunatic’
rim (n.)[rim of the belly] midriff, paunch, diaphragm
ripe (adj.)ready, fully prepared
rivage (n.)coast, shore, bank
road (n.)inroad, raid, incursion
robustious (adj.)boisterous, noisy, unruly
roping (adj.)forming rope-like threads, drooping
rose overcolour over like a rose, make rosy
round (adj.)blunt, forthright, straight, plain-spoken
rouse (v.)raise, lift up
royal (adj.)like a king, majestic
royalty (n.)majesty, royal highness
rub (n.)[bowls] obstacle, impediment, hindrance
rub (n.)[bowls] obstacle, impediment, hindrance
rude (adj.)ignorant, unlearned, uneducated
run (v.)pass, spread, bring, cause to flow
sacred (adj.)consecrated, hallowed, sanctified
sad (adj.)downcast, distressed, mournful, gloomy
sad (adj.)serious, grave, solemn
sad-eyed, sad-faced (adj.)grave-looking
sail (n.)surging power, full swell
Salic, Salique (adj.)name of a law stating that the French crown could be passed on only by males
Salic, Salique (adj.)name of a law stating that the French crown could be passed on only by males
savage (adj.)uncultivated, wild, rough
savagery (n.)wilderness, wildness of growth
save (v.)preserve from damnation, bring salvation to [in emphatic expressions]
'sblood (int.)[oath] God's blood
scaffold (n.)stage, platform [in a theatre]
scald, scall, scauld (adj.)contemptible, vile, scabby
scald, scall, scauld (adj.)contemptible, vile, scabby
scambling (adj.)contentious, rough, quarrelsome, turbulent
scambling (n.)scuffling, struggling, fighting
scant (v.)neglect, stint, withhold
scion (n.)shoot, graft, limb
sconce (n.)fort, military work
scour (v.)clear out, quickly remove, cleanse
scour (v.)clear out, quickly remove, cleanse
seal (n.)pledge, promise, token, sign
seat (n.)throne
seat (n.)throne
seat (n.)estate
seat (v.)settle, establish
secure (adj.)carefree, free from anxiety, unguarded
security (n.)over-confidence, carelessness
self (adj.)same, selfsame, identical, exact
semblance (n.)appearance, outward show
semblance (n.)appearance, outward show
sense (n.)feeling, sensibility, capacity to feel
sense (n.)senses, sensation, organs of sense
sequel (n.)sequence, series, order of succession
sequestration (n.)seclusion, removal, withdrawal
service (n.)military service, affairs of war
service (n.)action, performance
service (n.)action, performance
set (n.)setting, sunset
set on (v.)go forward, advance, proceed
several (adj.)separate, different, distinct
several (n.)(plural) details, particulars, individual points
shale (n.)shell, husk, outer case
share from (v.)receive at the expense of
she (n.)lady, woman, girl
shilling (n.)coin valued at twelve old pence or one twentieth of a pound
shog, shog off (v.)go away, be gone, get along
shog, shog off (v.)go away, be gone, get along
show (n.)appearance, exhibition, display
shrewdly (adv.)seriously, mightily, very much
shrewdly (adv.)sharply, severely
sign (n.)banner, standard, ensign
signal (n.)sign, indication, token
sinew (n.)nerve
sinew (n.)mainstay, support, main strength
sinew (n.)muscle
sinfully (adv.)without having repented of sins
sinister (adj.)illegitimate, erroneous, irregular
sink (n.)cesspool, waste pit, sewer
sirrah (n.)sir [commanding, insulting, or familiar, depending on context]
sit (v.)sit in conference, meet for a discussion
skirr (v.)scurry, flee, hasten
slander (n.)slanderer, disgraceful rogue
slip (n.)leash, lead, tether
slobbery (adj.)slimy, muddy, sloppy
slovenry (n.)slovenliness, negligence, neglect
smirched (adj.)marked, soiled, stained
snatcher (n.)raider, thief, robber
sodden (adj.)boiled, stewed up
soft (adj.)tender, compassionate, kind
solely (adv.)alone, by oneself
solemnly (adv.)ceremoniously, with ritual celebration
solus (adv.)alone, on one's own
something (adv.)a little, to some extent
something (adv.)somewhat, rather
sonance (n.)sound, note
sooth (n.)truth
sore (adj.)serious, grievous, grave
sort (n.)class, level, social rank
sort (n.)class, level, social rank
sort (n.)class, level, social rank
sort (n.)class, level, social rank
sort (v.)suit, be fitting, be appropriate
soul (n.)real nature, essence
spare (adj.)frugal, spartan, abstemious
sparingly (adv.)with restraint, discreetly, in a reserved way
speak with (v.)bring news to, talk to
speculation (n.)looking on, spectating, observation
spend one's mouth[hunting] bark, bay, give tongue
spin (v.)gush, spurt, spray
spiritualty (n.)spiritual body, ecclesiastical estate
spirt up (v.)sprout, shoot up, germinate
spital (n.)hospital
spital (n.)hospital
spoil (n.)plundering, pillaging, despoiling
spoil (n.)plundering, pillaging, despoiling
spoil (n.)plundering, pillaging, despoiling
spoil (v.)ruin, destroy, bring to an end
sport (n.)exercise, athletic pastime
sport (n.)recreation, amusement, entertainment
spousal (n.)married union, state of wedlock
spray (n.)branch, limb, offshoot
square (n.)formation, squadron, body of troops
squire (n.)gentleman below a knight in rank, attendant on a knight or nobleman
stand for (v.)defend, uphold, protect, support
stand off (v.)stand out, be plain
stand on (v.)insist on, demand, call for
starts, by / inin fits and starts
state (n.)kingship, majesty, sovereignty
stay for (v.)wait for, await
steel (v.)turn to steel, harden
steeled (adj.)hardened like steel, toughened
sternage (n.)sterns [of a fleet of ships]
still (adv.)ever, now [as before]
still (adv.)constantly, always, continually
still (adv.)constantly, always, continually
still (adv.)constantly, always, continually
stillness (n.)restraint, sobriety, quietness of behaviour
stilly (adv.)quietly, in a hushed manner
stomach (n.)wish, inclination, desire
stoop (v.)[falconry] swoop, descend swiftly
straight (adv.)straightaway, immediately, at once
straight (adv.)straightaway, immediately, at once
straight (adv.)straightaway, immediately, at once
straight (adv.)straightaway, immediately, at once
strain (n.)quality, character, disposition
strait (adj.)tight, close-fitting, narrow
stratagem (n.)scheme, device, cunning plan
stray (n.)stray animal
stretch (v.)open wide, extend
stretch (v.)open wide, extend
strike (v.)fight, engage in fighting
strossers (n.)trousers
subjection (n.)duty as a subject, obedience
subscribe (v.)sign, endorse, support
subtly, subtilly (adv.)deceitfully, treacherously, deceptively
succour (n.)reinforcements, military assistance
sufferance (n.)distress, suffering, hardship
sufferance (n.)endurance, forbearance, patience
sufferance (n.)reprieve, pardoning, respite
suggest (v.)tempt, prompt, incite
suit (n.)wooing, courtship
suit (v.)match, compare, equate
suit (v.)dress, clothe, equip
sumless (adj.)incalculable, immeasurable, beyond estimation
summer (v.)nurture, care for, tend [during summer]
surety (n.)guarantee, ratification, warrant
surly (adj.)imperious, haughty, arrogant
sur-reined (adj.)over-ridden, overworked, worn out
sutler (n.)provision-seller to the army
swagger (v.)quarrel, squabble, behave in an insolent way
swasher (n.)swashbuckler, braggart, boaster
swelling (adj.)magnificent, grand, resplendent
swill (v.)wash, bathe, drench
sympathize with (v.)resemble, be like, have an affinity with
take (v.)overtake, encounter, meet up with
take (v.)strike, hit, catch
take (v.)strike, hit, catch
take (v.)strike, hit, catch
take to (v.)have recourse to, take oneself off to
tall (adj.)brave, valiant, bold
tame (v.)[= attame] break into, pierce, broach
tardy-gaitedslow-moving, sluggish
tarry (v.)stay, remain, linger
Tartar (n.)Tartarus; underworld place of confinement for those who incurred the wrath of the gods
Te DeumThee God [opening words of Te Deum laudamus, 'We praise thee, God']
teem (v.)produce, bring forth
temper (n.)frame of mind, temperament, disposition
temper (v.)mould, shape, work, bring [to a particular character]
temporal (adj.)secular, civil, worldly
tender (v.)feel concern for, hold dear, care for
tenor, tenour (n.)substance, content, matter, drift
tertian (n.)type of fever with attacks every third day
theoric (n.)theory, academic speculation
therefore (adv.)for that very reason
threaden (adj.)made of linen thread
thrice-puissant (adj.)most [three times] powerful, most mighty
tiddle-taddle (n.)[Welsh pronunciation] tittle-tattle, idle gossip, chatter
tie over (v.)restrict, confine, limit
time (n.)past time, history
title (n.)[legal] right, claim, entitlement
title (n.)[legal] right, claim, entitlement
title (n.)[legal] right, claim, entitlement
tombless (adj.)without a tombstone, lacking a memorial
torch-staff (n.)staff holding a torch
touch (v.)touch off, fire off
touch (v.)touch off, fire off
touch (v.)affect, concern, regard, relate to
touch (v.)affect, concern, regard, relate to
train (n.)retinue, following, entourage
tread outtreat with contempt, crush, spurn
treasury (n.)money, wealth, riches
trick up (v.)decorate, adorn, dress up
trim, in thein fine condition, in good order
trophy (n.)token of victory, evidence of valour
trophy (n.)token of victory, evidence of valour
troth, by myby my truth [exclamation emphasizing an assertion]
troth, by myby my truth [exclamation emphasizing an assertion]
troth-plight (adj.)engaged, betrothed
Troyan, Trojan (n.)fellow, knave
truly-falselywith faithful heart but incorrect speech
trumpet (n.)trumpeter; herald, announcer
trumpet (n.)trumpeter; herald, announcer
tucket (n.)personal trumpet call
tun (n.)chest, box, case
Turk (n.)Sultan of Turkey
turn headturn and face the enemy, make a bold front
tway (n.)two
umbered (adj.)shadowed, shadowy
uncoined (adj.)unalloyed, genuine; also: not yet in circulation [among women]
uncurbed (adj.)unrestrained, free, unchecked
undo (v.)ruin, destroy, wipe out
unfurnished (adj.)unprepared, unequipped, unprotected
ungotten (adj.)unbegotten, not yet conceived
unhidden (adj.)clear-cut, undisputed, manifest
unprovided (adj.)unprepared for death, not ready to meet God
unraised (adj.)ordinary, humdrum, unimaginative
unspotted (adj.)unblemished, unstained, pure
untempering (adj.)unsoftening, without fostering tenderness
unwholesome (adj.)harmful, damaging, noxious
urge (v.)press, insist on, state emphatically
urge (v.)provoke, incite, impel
use (v.)treat, deal with, manage
vainness (n.)boasting, ostentation, vanity
vantage (n.)advantageous position, place of vantage, superiority
vantage (n.)advantageous position, place of vantage, superiority
vary (v.)express in fresh words, verbalize anew
vassal (adj.)subject, servile, subordinate
vassal (n.)servant, slave, subject
vasty (adj.)vast, immense, spacious
vasty (adj.)vast, immense, spacious
vasty (adj.)vast, immense, spacious
vaultage (n.)vault, cavern, chamber
vaunting (adj.)boastful, bragging, loud-mouthed
vaward (n.)[military] vanguard, foremost division
venge (v.)avenge, revenge
verify (v.)confirm, substantiate, prove correct
vile, vild (adj.)shameful, contemptible, wretched
vile, vild (adj.)lowly, of humble birth
visage (n.)face, countenance
visage (n.)face, countenance
visit (v.)punish, deal with
void (v.)leave, withdraw, quit
void (v.)empty, clear out, discharge
vouchsafe (v.)allow, permit, grant
voutsafe (v.)Welsh pronunciation of 'vouchsafe'
vulgar (n.)common people, ordinary folk
wafer-cake (n.)type of thin, lightweight cake
wait on / upon (v.)accompany, attend
want (v.)require, demand, need
want (v.)lack, need, be without
war (v.)make war, fight, do battle
war-proof (n.)valour tested in war
warrant (v.)assure, promise, guarantee, confirm
warrant (v.)assure, promise, guarantee, confirm
warrant (v.)assure, promise, guarantee, confirm
warrant (v.)assure, promise, guarantee, confirm
warrant (v.)assure, promise, guarantee, confirm
wasteful (adj.)destructive, devastating, ruinous
wax (v.)grow, become, turn
wax (v.)grow, become, turn
waxen (adj.)written on wax, perishable, quickly worn away
way (n.)direction, route, path
weak (adj.)of little worth, wanting, deficient
well-a-day (int.)exclamation of grief, sorrow, upset, etc
well-appointed (adj.)well-equipped, properly fitted out
well-hallowed (adj.)well-blessed, well-consecrated
whelk (n.)pimple, pustule
whiffler (n.)armed processional attendant
white-livered (adj.)lily-livered, cowardly, feeble-spirited
Whitsun (n.)in Christian tradition, the feast of Pentecost
whoop, hoop (v.)shout with astonishment, make an outcry
Whore of Babylonin the Bible, a prostitute figure, taken as a symbol of degenerate Rome, and thus of Roman Catholicism
wide-stretched (adj.)widely extended, extensive, sweeping
wife (n.)woman
wight (n.)[archaism] person, human being
wind up (v.)occupy, fill up, take up
wink (v.)shut one's eyes
wink (v.)shut one's eyes
wink (v.)shut one's eyes
wink at (v.)ignore, disregard, overlook
wink on (v.)give someone a significant glance, invite with a look
winking (n.)shutting the eyes
wit (n.)intelligence, wisdom, good sense, mental ability
wit (n.)intelligence, wisdom, good sense, mental ability
wit (n.)intelligence, wisdom, good sense, mental ability
wit (n.)intelligence, wisdom, good sense, mental ability
wit (n.)lively person, sharp-minded individual
womby (adj.)womb-like, hollow, cavernous
wonder (n.)feeling of wonder, astonishment, marvelling
working-house (n.)workhouse, place of industry
worried (adj.)maltreated, harassed, savaged
wrack (n.)wreck, loss, shipwreck
wrangler (n.)quarreller, arguer; also: opponent, disputant
wrest (v.)distort, twist, strain
wringing (n.)aches and pains
wrong (n.)wrong-doing, wrongful gain, unjust claim
yawn (v.)open wide, gape
yearn (v.)grieve, make mourn, move with pity
yeoman (n.)man who owns property but is not a gentleman; land-holding farmer
yerk (v.)thrust, strike, beat
yoke-devil (n.)companion-devil, associate in evil
yoke-fellow (n.)fellow-worker, comrade, partner
yoke-fellow (n.)fellow-worker, comrade, partner
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