| Ajax | [pron: 'ayjaks, OP also a'jayks] son of Telemon, king of Salamis (also called Ajax Telemonius); fought against Troy; proverbial for his size and strength |
| Ariachne | [pron: ari'aknee] weaver from Lydia, who challenged Athene to a contest; when Ariachne’s work was seen to be superior, Athene destroyed it, and Ariachne hanged herself; Athene saved her, but changed her into a spider; also known as Arachne |
| Athene | [pron: a'theena] Greek goddess of wisdom and learning, protector of Athens; also known as Athena, Pallas Athena, or Pallas |
| backwardly | unfavourably, in a lowly manner; also: in reverse order of priority |
| bacon | porker, fat one; also: rustic |
| ball | eyeball; also: cannon-ball |
| bemete, be-mete | measure; also: mete out punishment |
| bless | wound, hurt, beat; also: consecrate |
| bombast, bumbast | wool padding, stuffing; also: high-flown language, empty words |
| broil | subject to great heat; also: be engaged in a struggle |
| Bull | Taurus, the second sign of the zodiac, associated with cuckoldry, and also the neck and throat |
| bumbast | wool padding; also: high-flown language |
| bung | pickpocket; also: hole-stopper [penis] |
| buzzard | ignoramus, stupid person; also: inferior kind of hawk |
| carack | large merchant ship, also fitted out for war |
| carrack, carack | galleon, large merchant ship, also fitted out for war |
| carry | wear; also: bear the weight of |
| chace | [tennis] forfeited point; also: pursuit |
| charged | loaded; also: given a burden |
| Chartreux | [pron: shah'truh] Carthusian abbey at Chartreuse, E France; also, the name of the order of monks |
| chase | [tennis] forfeited point; also: pursuit |
| cheater | deceiver, sharper, gamester; also: officer who looks after estates forfeited to the crown |
| clown | yokel, rustic, country bumpkin; also: low comic character [in a play] |
| coals, carry | submit to insult, show cowardice; also: do degrading work |
| codpiece | cloth case or pocket worn by a man at the front of breeches or hose; also: what it contains |
| copy | [legal] type of tenure, copyhold; also: process of replication |
| courtship | court life, courtliness; also: wooing, courting |
| craft | carry out a craft; also: act craftily |
| cross | crossness; also: sign of the cross |
| dildo | nonsense refrain in a ballad; also: artificial penis |
| dissolved | destroyed, ruined; also: annulled |
| durance | durability, lasting nature, with a strong implication of imprisonment (see the related sense); also: type of strong durable cloth |
| eke | [archaism] also, moreover, too |
| exhaled | dragged from a proper course; also: drawn up as a vapour |
| fichew | polecat, skunk; also: prostitute |
| fitchew | polecat, skunk; also: prostitute |
| flag | reed, rush; also: variety of iris |
| grow | take liberties with, trouble; also: grow up [too fast] |
| half-faced | [of a coin] showing a monarch's profile; also: clipped, imperfect |
| heart | in poor condition, lacking in strength; also: lacking inclination |
| holy | of holiness; also: full of holes |
| joint-stool | well-made stool [by a joiner] [also used in phrases of ridicule] |
| kite | bird of prey; thieving bird [of ill omen; also, strong term of abuse] |
| lamely | imperfectly, defectively; also, haltingly, in a lame manner |
| lattice | lattice-work, criss-cross adornment; also: tavern symbol |
| liberty | plays not written according to traditional rules of drama; also: district not subject to a sheriff's legal order [i.e. more suitable for theatres] |
| like | equally, similarly, also |
| medlar | apple-like fruit eaten when its flesh has begun to decay [also: pun on ‘meddler’] |
| Mercury | messenger of the Roman gods; also, god of commerce |
| Muse | one of the nine goddesses in Greek mythology, the daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne, who gave artistic inspiration; also called the Helicons, as they lived on Mt Helicon |
| ouch | ornament, gem; also: sore |
| partition | wall, dividing structure; also: section of a learned book |
| paucas pallabris | few words, be brief [an approximation to Spanish pocas palabras]; palabras also used alone |
| penetrate | pierce the feelings, touch the heart [also: sexual innuendo] |
| Phoebus | [pron: 'feebus] Latin name for Apollo as the sun-god; also called Phoebus Apollo |
| pissing while, a | a very short time; also: with enough time to urinate |
| Plantagenet | [pron: plan'tajinit] name of an English royal dynasty, which ruled from the accession of Henry II (1154) to the death of Richard III (1485); from Latin planta genista 'sprig of bloom', worn as a crest by Geoffrey, Count of Anjou, the father of Henry II, from whom the house is also called the Anjou or Angevin dynasty |
| play | play guns on, aim at; also: torment |
| plighted | folded, hidden; also: solemnly pledged |
| Plutus | [pron: 'plootus] Greek god of wealth and gold; also called Pluto |
| pox | venereal disease; also: plague, or any other disease displaying skin pustules |
| pucelle | maid, virgin, girl; also: drab, trollop, slut |
| pussel | maid, virgin, girl; also: drab, trollop, slut |
| puzzel | maid, virgin, girl; also: drab, trollop, slut |
| recover | get back; also: cover again |
| Rialto | [pron: ree'altoh] commercial exchange in Venice, NE Italy; also, bridge spanning the Grand Canal |
| royal | kingly; also: to the value of the English coin worth half a pound |
| ruffling | frilled, lace-adorned; also: embellishing, gay |
| scoring | charging to an account; also: cutting, wounding |
| sequestration | imprisonment, isolation; also: loss of property |
| shadowed | shaded, darkened; also [heraldry]: faintly drawn |
| shot-free | scot-free, without paying the bill; also: unwounded, unpunished |
| slip | counterfeit coin; also: evasion |
| snaky | twisting, winding, sinuous; also: deceitful |
| snuff | in need of snuffing out; also: in a rage |
| st | 2nd person singular ending; also: short form of some auxiliary verbs such as 'must', 'shallst' |
| state | [also: cloth of state] canopy over a chair of state |
| Strand | London street of fashionable merchants; also, of apprentices |
| take | study, learn; also: draw forth |
| Tarquin | Tarquinius Superbus, seventh king of Rome, 6th-c BC; also his son, Sextus Tarquinius, the ravisher of Lucrece |
| Tartar | someone from Tartary, C Asia; known for pitilessness; also, a stereotype of dark complexion |
| thrifty | worthy, estimable; also: stingy, frugal |
| tidy | good-looking, handsome; also: fat, plump |
| Troy | ancient city of W Turkey, besieged for 10 years during the Trojan Wars; also called Ilium, Ilion |
| uncoined | unalloyed, genuine; also: not yet in circulation [among women] |
| undermine | dig underneath; also: overthrow |
| underminer | sapper; also: overthrower |
| unkindly | cruelly, harshly; also: unnaturally |
| unmanned | [falconry] untrained; also: without a husband |
| unsettled | disturbed, troubled; also: unresolved, unfixed |
| waterish | abounding in water; also: wishy-washy, watered down |
| wildfire | flaming gunpowder; also: will o' the wisp; type of eruptive disease |
| wittolly | cuckoldy; also: half-witted |
| wrangler | quarreller, arguer; also: opponent, disputant |
| writ | plays written according to traditional rules of drama; also: a district of the city subject to a sheriff's legal order [i.e. less suitable for theatres] |